Inflation & Gravity

Chemical synthesis 

 

Waves are subject to stability of certain harmonic states. The proton is the most stable basic harmonic state of vibration and the standing wave it represents naturally forms from combining transitory quarks with some extra energy of other temporary wave packages representing gluons. This combined 3D and relatively complicated pattern probably consists of the three quark waves with gluon waves being shared between the three main waves. The gluons may even be standing waves that are superimposed on the quark waves?? The important characteristic is the dimensional one i.e. 3D. Standing wave patterns that vibrate together as a Proton are stable and basic. Yes of course it can be temporarily broken into quarks and other sub atomic particles with a particle accelerator, but these are not as stable as the proton and play only a transitional role. The small size of the bosons (photons, gluons and W & Z bosons) relative to the fermions (proton, neutrons and electron) must be the basis of their interplay. Imagine the massive fermions (eg proton) vibrating as a stable harmonic and a much lighter electron trying to vibrate in harmony. The electron’s inherent harmonic is stable, but means nothing to the protons harmonic unless it can vibrate in concert with the proton. The only way is to use its various harmonic multiples of wavelengths to energise it into harmony or a harmonic resonance with the proton. This can only be done by adding enough photons (with their internal energy) from the background space fabric to mediate the harmony. This tendency to stability in the combined resonance is perceived as the electromagnetic force and losing or gaining photons makes the resonance stable or not. If not, the atom will seek resonance with another atom to satisfy the imbalance. This search for harmonic resonance is the basis for the addition or subtraction of bosons which are basically energy packets which are extracted from the background space energy. I would be surprised if these bosonic “particles” would exist as harmonics on their own, but would rather be extracted from space as they are needed. Yes, when smashed in an accelerator these temporary harmonic bosons can be isolated, but soon decay back into space.

Even though a proton is real mass by any standards, it is worth noting that because of the proximity of the electromagnetic reactions taking place at this stage as well as great relative distances, gravity does not yet come into play. The other “forces” are much more influential to the fate of the proton than gravity. Subsequent reactions are determined by “concentrations” of particles and are thus more “chemical” in nature and the binding “forces” are really just tendencies toward the stability of harmonic resonances that have been of importance so far.

 

Let’s examine the nature of matter and the continuous soup of sub atomic particle (SAP) interactions from the perspective of harmonic resonance. Imagine gazillions of guitar strings that have continuous sound (Energy) entering a small room that they are in. Imagine that all these guitar strings could constantly changes their length and direction according to their nearest resonant strings. Some of them “touch” and some just resonate in harmony with neighbours. But if the resonance is of a certain Energy they can create standing waves and morph into what is more “comfortable” for their resonance. There is a virtually unending set of possibilities where stability is only temporary, but as with any chemical reaction the most stable is constantly being sought. This is the continuous cosmic dance.

Quote: “The sub atomic particle cannot be seen as an isolated entity, it can only be understood in terms of its activity – it’s interaction with the surrounding environment – it is an integrated part of the whole”

 

These particles each have their own harmonic vibration that resonates precisely only when sharing bosonic exchange particles with other fermions. The lowest Energy format of this harmonic is one proton and one electron. The gluons involved in the Proton – neutron dance confine these particles in an extremely tight resonance imposing massive speeds (1/5 speed of light) within the prison of the harmonic. The electron’s wave pattern is much looser and the photonic involvement in the electromagnetic force is once again merely the harmonic imposition that captures the dance around the much higher energy nuclear mass. Of course the speeds attained by this electron are also enormous (1000km/sec = 1/300 the speed of light). This standing wave is now becoming a 3D “particle” mass.

It has been said (ref.: Physics Principles with Applications. Giancoli Chapter 33-5, page 931) that the “Steady State Model” which assumes that the Universe is infinitely old and on average looks the same now as it always has, requires that mass has to be created continuously to maintain the assumption of uniformity in the face of the recession of galaxies. The rate of mass creation is small – about one nucleon per cubic metre of space every billion years. I am sure that this process is magnitudes more productive that one nucleon per billion years and the homeostatic model sustains this creation of mass as part of the galactic energy cycle. We will discuss this again under the heading of Cosmological considerations.

Let’s get back to the quarks. As far as harmonic resonance is concerned stability lies in what we perceive as mass. The most stable particles are the protons, neutrons and electrons. Yes, we can get all sorts of less stable SAP’s but they will be merged into the background electromagnetic fabric of space-time or other particles. The power of wave mechanics including harmonics and standing waves should be rich enough to cater for the various “spins” and “colours” but essentially harmonies will reflect the stability of the particle and nuclear forces will be reflected in the energy of the wave form necessary to move from one stable harmony to another. The strong nuclear force is massive, because of the proximity of the particles. Remember to get them together in the first place required the absorption of the same amount of energy out of the background electromagnetic fabric. Once again it is ironic that this happens on the galactic dissipation of energy side of the cycle and the energy necessary is not coming from being forced together like the rest of the nucleosynthesis cycle. Hydrogen formation is obviously the most basic and the only element that can form directly from the electromagnetic waves making up space. The rest of the periodic table gets schmuzzled together by gravity removing (absorbing) the space between the molecules of the particular element and in doing so increasing the temperature and internal energy to the levels necessary for nucleosynthesis. Note that this account is directly opposed to the accepted wisdom. Classically the high energy necessary for hydrogen formation can only come from the big bang.

Remember that the electromagnetic waves forming the background fabric or matrix are on a much lower energy per length status and tend to want to create standing wave harmonies with the newly formed quarks or sub atomic particles. This may even promote the disintegration of the waves, but the eventual conglomeration of  “mass” (energy knots) has to grow through increased “concentration” (like in chemistry) before Hydrogen molecules concentrate enough to eventually attract each other in clouds of mass which allow the natural next step of star formation and nucleosynthesis. Molecules are the next stable harmony and are very specific in their resonances.

Another important observation is to note that the cycle has turned. Now energy has stopped dissipating and three dimensional particles can no longer share space like the previous waves and structure has to be as tight as possible to promote efficiency and the drive to fit as much mass into the least amount of space. We are now concentrating energy and the dissipationary, inflationary phase of the cycle has passed.

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Molecular construction

 

The intention of this article is not to attempt to explain things that are well documented and understood and I think that these next few sections fall into this category. I am placing the headings here to indicate their position in the cycle.

What is of significance to this section is the nature of the forces and although I have hinted at wave tendencies to certain harmonic resonances, we will expand my thoughts in a later section on Force.

 

 

Summary of Postulates relating to this Section   From the soup of energy (Dark Energy), quarks and electrons (Dark Matter) the fragile standing waves have the opportunity to absorb specific energy packets (gluons) to form more stable Standing waves (protons) The “concentration” of these sub-atomic particles will determine the balance of quarks to protons much in the same way as chemical processes in balance. The same principle applies to the “concentrations” of protons and electrons in the formation of molecules.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Giant molecular clouds

 

4% of the universe is visible matter. Most of this is Hydrogen en Helium and only 0,03% is heavy elements.

 

I have described the process of Hydrogen being formed as a natural end product of the electromagnetic wave being tuned by inflation and optimising it’s tension of the distortion of wavelength and amplitude. The space created by inflation now allows the 3D structure of the hydrogen atom which follows naturally, because it is a lower energy density per area but a tighter energy conformation than the linear electromagnetic wave. This atomic layout of Hydrogen with the electrons is free to move in any 3D direction and is the most efficient form that space energy can take. For the purpose of future discussions, I would like to point out at this stage that these atoms are in a state of “free fall” which state is determined by the gravitational potential or “space density” of the area they are occupying. MUCH more of this later. From now on these atoms have to meet each other somehow to form molecules and these molecules are too far away from each other to rely on gravitation to bring them together. How do they get together?

 

 

• Turbulence, density and heat

 

I was pleased to read that the main reason for concentration of molecules in the early stage within these clouds is turbulence and the formation of proto-stars follows as areas of increased density (concentration) coalesce and only later start interacting gravitationally with each other and radiating heat generated by their gravitational interaction. I am sure that there must also be some frictional heat as well as absorbed heat, but essentially these clouds are still cold. Any radiated heat escapes initially, but as the density of molecules increases this radiation can’t escape so easily and the heat starts building up. Once again this is well documented and requires no further discussion.

 

 

 

• Absorption of space by mass

 

As discussed earlier, mass absorbs electromagnetic waves and either utilises their energy or radiates it as similar or even a different frequency of wave. The point is that the waves get absorbed. Remember too that electromagnetic waves interact with each other and even share the same space, but the 3D standing waves or mass don’t. The reason for this is the fact that mass is three dimensional and as such can dissipate the energy into its structure temporarily or permanently as well as absorb energy into its structural relationship with other mass in the form of angular momentum. As discussed at length space IS wave energy. The very fabric of space is this wave energy that we now say is being absorbed by mass! This means that mass is a space gobbler! We can once again return to the beginning of our discussion about gravitation holding back the wave. Hey, does this sound familiar? If it holds it back sufficiently won’t it absorb it? This is the crux of the discussion. Space is in this constant battle between absorption and radiation by mass … all mass! Obviously the size of the object determines who wins and how much space is absorbed. Using a black hole as the starting point of this discussion was just to demonstrate a concept, but space is held back by all sizes of mass. The density around the mass is increased as well but this will be discussed extensively under Gravitation.

The three dimensional status is a new format that brings about two important characteristics:

Visibility

Greatly enhanced energy absorption capacity.

This means that mass is now starting to develop the tendency to eat up space thus shortening the distance between mass particles. The relative size of the mass stealing space energy is obviously affecting the strength of the tendency which is still insignificant at this stage due to the relative strength of the other forces. This tendency is “Gravity”. Gravity also strengthens with the square of the distance which means that there is less space to eat up.  This process will drive the compactification side of the energy cycle. Much more of that later!

 

Summary of Postulates relating to this Section   Molecular clouds only really become visible once they have become dense enough to retain or trap emitted radiation. The accretion process is probably initiated by turbulence bringing molecules together. Once a critical density has been attained gravity starts to play a role in the accretion process.